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导读
拥有哪些技能最好找工作？
转眼之间，又到了毕业求职季，如何能觅得一份理想工作，当然要有专业技能傍身，但是除了专业技能以外，还有一些软实力必不可少。著名就业指导平台www.80000hours.org上就有这样一篇专门讲解职业竞争力的文章。经过一番调查研究，笔者发现有五项能力排名最高，分别是：
1. 学习学习再学习的能力
2. 说服力和谈判力
3. 自然科学力
4. 交流力
5. 分析及解决问题的能力
在我们需要掌握的能力中，能够在一年内被掌握，并且对职业生涯有帮助的能力才算得上好能力，这么一叠加，有一项大家最近热捧的能力排名反而没那么高，那就是编程。笔者解释说，可能是因为学编程的人最后寻找到的都是中等薪水的职位（真的吗？），而更高薪酬的职位则需要更多的领导力和决策力，所以编程能力的排名就下降了。
还有一点值得注意的地方，有的同学会问，为啥没有外语能力呢？因为这是美国人弄的排名，人家当然不需要学外语，但是对于我们而言，外语也是必不可少的能力，其实这也是个学习学习再学习的能力，对吧？
更多关于职业能力的排名，大家可以直接去这个网址看一看；
https://80000hours.org/2016/03/which-skills-make-you-most-employable/
第一步：解决高频单词
sample ['sæmpl]
vt. 取样；抽样检查；尝试 / n. 样品；样本；例子 / adj. 作为例子的；试样的，样品的
employable [ɪm'plɒɪəbl]
adj. 可雇用的；适合雇佣的
employability [im,plɔiə'biləti]
n. 职场竞争力
persuasion [pə'sweɪʒ(ə)n]
n. 说服力
rate [reɪt]
vt. 评价；评估
assess [ə'ses]
vt. 评估；估价
approach [ə'prəʊtʃ]
vt.接近；处理
combine [kəm'baɪn]
vt. 联合；结合
boost [buːst]
vt. 促进；增加
negotiation [nɪgəʊʃɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n]
n. 谈判力
communication [kəmjuːnɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n]
n. 沟通能力
第二步：精读重点段落
（Tips: 双击文中单词可以查释义并加入你的生词本哦）
第一段：
One research correlated 35 key transferable skills with salaries, then rated them on how easy they are to learn, and combined them into 11 categories. Based on this analysis, the five skills to learn that will most boost your employability are:
1. Learning how to learn and personal productivity
2. Persuasion and negotiation
3. Science
4. Communication
5. Analysis and problem solving
- key adj. 关键的
- transferable adj.可转换的；可转移的
- rate vt. 评价；估价
- combine vt. 联合；结合
- boost vt.促进；增加
- employability n.职场竞争力
- persuasion n.说服力
- negotiation n. 谈判力
- communication n.沟通能力
- problem solving 解决问题的能力
第二段：
Which skills are transferable and have good earnings prospects? There’s lots of skills you could learn. How can we narrow them down to the most useful ones? Here’s two criteria:
1. Are the skills transferable? Transferable skills are more valuable because they better keep your options open, and they’re less vulnerable to sudden changes in the job market. Whereas if you’re an expert at making a certain type of widget, you better hope demand for that widget stays high.
2. Are the skills associated with high income? High income is a proxy for how in demand the skills are.
- earning prospect 薪酬前景
- narrow sth down 缩小...的范围
- criteria n. 标准（单数形式为criterion）
- vulnerable adj. 脆弱的
- job market 劳动力市场
- associated with 与...相关联
- proxy n. 代理人；代表
第四段：
Monitoring and persuasion rank the top two skills you need to get employed. Monitoring means assessing how well one is doing when learning or doing something. Persuasion means persuading others to approach things differently. The third most useful skill is time management, including manage one’s own time and the time of others, followed by learning strategies, which mean using multiple approaches when learning or creating new things. The fifth most useful skill is listening to what other people are saying and asking questions as appropriate.
- monitoring n. 监督力
- assess vt. 评估；评价
- persuade vt.说服
- approach vt.接近；处理
- strategy n.策略
- appropriate adj.恰当的
第三步：攻克必学语法
Transferable skills are more valuable because they better keep your options open, and they’re less vulnerable to sudden changes in the job market. Whereas if you’re an expert at making a certain type of widget, you better hope demand for that widget stays high.
中文翻译：
终生技能能让你有更多的职业选择，不容易因为职场风云突变而受到伤害。然而，如果你只擅长制造小部件的话，一旦大家不需要小部件了，你就将面临失业。
详细解析：
Transferable skills 大乐乐翻译为终生技能，所谓终生技能指的就是能让你在各个领域纵横捭阖，无往而不胜，即使遭遇职场突变，也不会走投无路的技能。
be less vulnerable to sth 不容易受到某事伤害
job market 劳动力市场，也可以叫做job pool
be an expert at doing sth 做某事的专家；擅长于做某事
语言点：
whereas的用法：
whereas是连接词，然而或者但是的意思，作为然而讲，比however庄重，作为但是讲，没有but凶狠。常用于表示对照，显示前后两个句子的关系。
although 与 whereas 的比較
although 含有惊讶的意味 (通常是第二個子句所透漏的讯息令人意外)
We had a reasonable year in Asia, although sales fell a little in Japan.
今年咱们的亚洲区销量还行，但是日本销量居然（令人吃惊地）降了一些。
也可以是这样的顺序：
Although sales fell a little in Japan, we had a reasonable year in the rest of Asia.
Whereas 则只强调对照，惊讶意味并不浓。
We had a reasonable year in Asia, whereas sales in Europe were quite disappointing.
今年咱们亚洲区销量还可以，而欧洲区销量差强人意。
加分任务：精读全文
在之前的三步后，你已经完全具备了精读全文的能力。再多花半个小时，让你的学习效果达到120%！
下载音频
（Tips: 双击文中单词可以查释义并加入你的生词本哦）
Which skills make you most employable?
第一段：
One research correlated 35 key transferable skills with salaries, then rated them on how easy they are to learn, and combined them into 11 categories. Based on this analysis, the five skills to learn that will most boost your employability are:
1. Learning how to learn and personal productivity
2. Persuasion and negotiation
3. Science
4. Communication
5. Analysis and problem solving
- key adj. 关键的
- transferable adj.可转换的；可转移的
- rate vt. 评价；估价
- combine vt. 联合；结合
- boost vt.促进；增加
- employability n.职场竞争力
- persuasion n.说服力
- negotiation n. 谈判力
- communication n.沟通能力
- problem solving 解决问题的能力
第二段：
Which skills are transferable and have good earnings prospects? There’s lots of skills you could learn. How can we narrow them down to the most useful ones? Here’s two criteria:
1. Are the skills transferable? Transferable skills are more valuable because they better keep your options open, and they’re less vulnerable to sudden changes in the job market. Whereas if you’re an expert at making a certain type of widget, you better hope demand for that widget stays high.
2. Are the skills associated with high income? High income is a proxy for how in demand the skills are.
- earning prospect 薪酬前景
- narrow sth down 缩小...的范围
- criteria n. 标准（单数形式为criterion）
- vulnerable adj. 脆弱的
- job market 劳动力市场
- associated with 与...相关联
- proxy n. 代理人；代表
第三段：
Some of the skills are much easier to learn than others. It’s notable the top ranked skill is “judgement and decision making”. That seems a bit like code for “being smart”. It’s not obvious you can easily improve your “judgement” in general (though of course you can improve your judgement within a specific domain), and there are some evidence-backed ways to improve your decision making. If two skills do the same to boost your income, but one is much easier to learn than the other, it makes sense to learn the quick to learn one first. So, two of us rated each skill from one to five on how easy it is to learn, where one means the skill is innate or takes a very long time to improve, and five means the skill could be significantly improved in about a year. These were just guesses, but they let us make some headway. We then converted the correlation scale into a score from 1 to 5 and multiplied them together.
- notable adj.显著的；著名的
- top ranked 排名靠前的
- judgement n. 判断力
- decision making 决策力
- domain n.领域
- evidence-backed adj. 有证据支持的
- innate adj. 内在的；天生的
- make headway 取得进展
- convert vt.转换；转变
第四段：
Monitoring and persuasion rank the top two skills you need to get employed. Monitoring means assessing how well one is doing when learning or doing something. Persuasion means persuading others to approach things differently. The third most useful skill is time management, including manage one’s own time and the time of others, followed by learning strategies, which mean using multiple approaches when learning or creating new things. The fifth most useful skill is listening to what other people are saying and asking questions as appropriate.
- monitoring n. 监督力
- assess vt. 评估；评价
- persuade vt.说服
- approach vt.接近；处理
- strategy n.策略
- appropriate adj.恰当的
第五段：
We combined these skills into some more intuitive categories, then ranked them based on the average of all the skills in the category. Learning how to learn and personal productivity top the list, followed by persuasion and negotiation. The third one is science and communication skills come the fourth. Analysis and problem solving are also very important. Then there are management, programming, technology design, service orientation, mathematics and manual skills in decreasing order in importance.
- intuitive adj. 凭借直觉的
- category n. 分类；类别
- average n. 平均值；平均数
- personal productivity 个人生产力
- top the list 排名第一
- service orientation 客户服务能力
- manual skills 手工操作技能
第六段：
The low ranking of management, technology design, mathematics and programming were surprising. The main driver was the weaker correlation of these skills with income. The low ranking of programming was especially surprising, because we’ve seen plenty of cases of someone learning to program and boosting their income considerably within a year. Due to this, we’re cautious about putting too much weight on these results.
- correlation n. 相关；相互关系
- programming n.编程
- considerably adv. 相当地；非常地
- cautious adj.谨慎的；小心的
- put too much weight on sth 过于倚重某事
第七段：
One explanation could be that skills like programming are mostly used in middle income jobs, whereas the highest income jobs are more about decision making and leadership. This reduces the correlation between programming skills and salaries, though it could still be true that learning programming will boost most people’s incomes significantly.
- middle income jobs 中等收入工作
- leadership n.领导力
sample ['sæmpl]
vt. 取样；抽样检查；尝试 / n. 样品；样本；例子 / adj. 作为例子的；试样的，样品的
employable [ɪm'plɒɪəbl]
adj. 可雇用的；适合雇佣的
employability [im,plɔiə'biləti]
n. 职场竞争力
persuasion [pə'sweɪʒ(ə)n]
n. 说服力
rate [reɪt]
vt. 评价；评估
assess [ə'ses]
vt. 评估；估价
approach [ə'prəʊtʃ]
vt.接近；处理
combine [kəm'baɪn]
vt. 联合；结合
boost [buːst]
vt. 促进；增加
negotiation [nɪgəʊʃɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n]
n. 谈判力
communication [kəmjuːnɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n]
n. 沟通能力
不要一时兴起，就要天天在一起
明天见！
下载音频
Which skills make you most employable?
第一段：
One research correlated 35 key transferable skills with salaries, then rated them on how easy they are to learn, and combined them into 11 categories. Based on this analysis, the five skills to learn that will most boost your employability are:
- Learning how to learn and personal productivity
- Persuasion and negotiation
- Science
- Communication
- Analysis and problem solving
第二段：
Which skills are transferable and have good earnings prospects? There’s lots of skills you could learn. How can we narrow them down to the most useful ones? Here’s two criteria:
- Are the skills transferable? Transferable skills are more valuable because they better keep your options open, and they’re less vulnerable to sudden changes in the job market. Whereas if you’re an expert at making a certain type of widget, you better hope demand for that widget stays high.
- Are the skills associated with high income? High income is a proxy for how in demand the skills are.
第三段：
Some of the skills are much easier to learn than others. It’s notable the top ranked skill is “judgement and decision making”. That seems a bit like code for “being smart”. It’s not obvious you can easily improve your “judgement” in general (though of course you can improve your judgement within a specific domain), and there are some evidence-backed ways to improve your decision making. If two skills do the same to boost your income, but one is much easier to learn than the other, it makes sense to learn the quick to learn one first. So, two of us rated each skill from one to five on how easy it is to learn, where one means the skill is innate or takes a very long time to improve, and five means the skill could be significantly improved in about a year. These were just guesses, but they let us make some headway. We then converted the correlation scale into a score from 1 to 5 and multiplied them together.
第四段：
Monitoring and persuasion rank the top two skills you need to get employed. Monitoring means assessing how well one is doing when learning or doing something. Persuasion means persuading others to approach things differently. The third most useful skill is time management, including manage one’s own time and the time of others, followed by learning strategies, which mean using multiple approaches when learning or creating new things. The fifth most useful skill is listening to what other people are saying and asking questions as appropriate.
第五段：
We combined these skills into some more intuitive categories, then ranked them based on the average of all the skills in the category. Learning how to learn and personal productivity top the list, followed by persuasion and negotiation. The third one is science and communication skills come the fourth. Analysis and problem solving are also very important. Then there are management,programming,technology design,service orientation,mathematics and manual skills in decreasing order in importance.
第六段：
The low ranking of management, technology design, mathematics and programming were surprising. The main driver was the weaker correlation of these skills with income. The low ranking of programming was especially surprising, because we’ve seen plenty of cases of someone learning to program and boosting their income considerably within a year. Due to this, we’re cautious about putting too much weight on these results.
第七段：
One explanation could be that skills like programming are mostly used in middle income jobs, whereas the highest income jobs are more about decision making and leadership. This reduces the correlation between programming skills and salaries, though it could still be true that learning programming will boost most people’s incomes significantly.