- 注释版
- 纯净版
导读
我们每个人都想成为生活小达人，掌握生活黑科技，成为自己的“生活帮”.创新会体现在生活的各个方面，生活中，工作中，恋爱中，旅行中，大家都喜欢新奇的好玩的新东西，可是总是因为懒惰，而追随大流。所以说到底有没有增加我们创造力的方法呢？让我们每人个称为自己的life-hacker，那么daisy自己通常使用的方法就是不断学习新的东西，跳伞，深潜，骑摩托，在每一次新的陌生的领域中，都会突破你原本的舒适圈，outsider effect就会迅速让你充满爆发力，每一刻都想遇见新的自己。那么一旦有了新的经验自然就会为传统的思维注入新的力量。所以放松去玩儿，玩儿好才能有灵感，玩儿好才能有创新。
第一步：解决高频单词
hacking ['hækɪŋ]
n. 黑客行为
crucial [ˈkruʃəl]
adj.至关重要的
creativity [ˌkrieˈtɪvətɪ]
n.创造性
sacrifice [ˈsækrəˌfaɪs]
v.&n. 牺牲
enhance [ɪnˈhæns]
v.提高
diminish [dɪˈmɪnɪʃ]
v. 降低 减弱
hook [hʊk]
v. 上勾 上瘾
disrupt [dɪsˈrʌpt]
v.打扰
underestimate [ˌʌndɚˈɛstəmet]
v.低估
perspective [pərˈspektɪv]
v.感觉 观点 洞察力
第二步：精读重点段落
（Tips: 双击文中单词可以查释义并加入你的生词本哦）
第九段
One way to harness a different perspective is, of course, by having unique experience. The trick is to break free from the the basic frameworks of thought that shape the industry you’re in.
- harness v. 利用 控制
- perspective v. 感觉
- trick n.恶作剧 把戏
- framework n.结构 框架
第十段
“If you’re going to make connections which are innovative,” Steve Jobs said in 1982, “you have to not have the same bag of experience as everyone else does.”
Society often teaches us to approach problems from a certain perspective, but such thinking makes it extremely difficult for new or different ideas to get through the cracks.
- connection n. 联系
- innovative adj.创新的
第十一段
Groundbreaking ideas don’t come from sitting down and thinking really hard until one pops up. According to Y Combinator’s Sam Altman (who works with hundreds of successful startups each year), this almost never works.
- groundbreaking adj. 开创性的
- startup n.新兴产业
第十二段
Instead, we have to shift our mindset from one of routine to novelty. In his book Originals, Adam Grant discusses a study that illustrates the importance of experience in shifting your mental framework to make it susceptible to genuinely creative ideas.
- mindset n.观念模式
- novelty n.新奇的事物
第三步：攻克必学语法
by 被；借由；在旁边
当介系詞
1. 在被动语态里，我们用by表示「被…」，指出动作是什么人做的；但「用…」，指出动作是用什么工具完成的，则用with：
The letter was evidently written by a foreigner.
这封信显然是外国人写的。
He was met at the airport by the manager herself.
他在机场由经理本人亲自迎接。
She was blinded by the bright lights.
她被刺眼的灯光照得什么都看不見。
The village was destroyed by an avalanche.
村庄被一场雪崩所摧毀。
His skull had been crushed with a heavy object.
他的骨头曾被重物撞击。
2. by也表示「借由…」，指出借由什么方式完成一件事：
She made a bit of money by selling her paintings.
她借着卖自己画的画賺了一点钱。
You can cook an egg by boiling it in water.
你可以把蛋放在水里煮滚。
May I pay by credit card?
我可以用信用卡付款吗？
She’s arriving in London by air this afternoon.
她今天下午会乘机抵达伦敦。
3. 注意下列by的其他用法：
Grandfather took Peter firmly by the hand (= He took Peter’s hand).
爷爷紧紧地握着彼得的手。
Purely by chance, I met him again that weekend, in the wine shop.
完全是巧合，我那个周末又遇到他了，在卖酒的店里。
I called John “David” by mistake.
我把约翰叫错成大卫了。
What do you mean by (= when you say) “off-hand”?
你说「随便」是什么意思？
“Cats” is the most recent novel by this remarkable young writer.
＜＜貓＞＞是這名才華洋溢的青年作家最新的小說。
4. by可以當作指出地点的介词
4.1 by指「在…旁边」：
There was a low table by her chair.
她的椅子旁有個矮桌子。
The dog lay by (/at) her side.
狗躺在她的旁边。
4.2 by也有「经过」的意思：
The bus flew by me before I could stop it.
我还沒來得及招手，公交车就从我身边飞过去了。
5. by也可以当做指出时间的介词
5.1 by表示「在…的時候」或「在…之前」：
By five thirty she was feeling pretty hungry.
五点半的時候，她觉得肚子很饿。
Library books must be returned by Friday at the latest.
图书管的书最晚要在星期五之前归还。
5.2 by day指「白天的時候」，by night指「晚上的時候」：
Owls sleep by day and hunt by night.
猫头鹰白天睡觉，晚上猎食。
6. by nature指「生性…」：
He was quite a shy person by nature.
他是个生性非常害羞的人。
7. by trade、by professional指「以…为职业」
Her next boyfriend was Jack, who was a psychologist by profession.
她下一個男朋友是杰克，一名心理学家。
8. by law指「法律」：
Employers must by law employ workers from minority groups.
依据法律，雇主必须属于少数民族的员工。
加分任务：精读全文
在之前的三步后，你已经完全具备了精读全文的能力。再多花半个小时，让你的学习效果达到120%！
下载音频
（Tips: 双击文中单词可以查释义并加入你的生词本哦）
Hacking Creativity: How Play Is Crucial to Your Success
第一段
Today we’ve become obsessed with ‘life-hacks’ — shortcuts that allow you to perform an action or reach a goal with the least amount of effort possible.
- obsessed adj.着迷的
第二段
Although some of these so-called hacks are useful, most end up sacrificing some crucial part of the act in question. As a result, the quality of our work diminishes. This is the opposite of what we want from a hack.
- sacrifice v. 奉献 牺牲
- crucial adj. 重要的
- diminish v. 降低
- opposite adj. 相反的
第三段
Creativity, however, can be hacked, and in a way that enhances our output in other areas of our lives — even those traditionally less creative pursuits like medicine or law.
Research shows that creativity fuels the thinking behind the most successful ideas.
- enhance v. 提高
- traditional adj. 传统的
第四段
Having studied creativity for a while now, 3 common trends stand out that give people the edge in life when starting a business — and they’re not what you might think.
- trend n. 趋势
1. The Outsider Effect
第五段
Like many of you I’ve been hooked on the NPR podcast How I Built This, about individuals who have started companies that have gone on to shape the industries they’re in — or created.
第六段
The other day while listening to an episode I realized something. Almost every single entrepreneur to have been on the podcast didn’t have a background in the industry they started their company in.
- entrepreneur n. 企业家
- podcast n.播客
第七段
In fact, when I went back to double check this I found that most of them had zero experience in their respective industries. Individuals — like Seth Goldman of Honest Tea, or Blake Mycoskie of TOMS shoes — who have gone on to disrupt their industries didn’t just begin as amateurs — they began as novices.
- respective adj. 各自的 分别的
- amateur n.业余爱好者
第八段
Such is the power of the outsider. We tend to underestimate our ability to change something we know little about. It turns out your outsider status can actually help you by bringing to the table a unique perspective, whether the problem you’re trying to solve is old or new.
2. Unique Experience
第九段
One way to harness a different perspective is, of course, by having unique experience. The trick is to break free from the the basic frameworks of thought that shape the industry you’re in.
- harness v. 利用 控制
- perspective v. 感觉
- trick n.恶作剧 把戏
- framework n.结构 框架
第十段
“If you’re going to make connections which are innovative,” Steve Jobs said in 1982, “you have to not have the same bag of experience as everyone else does.” Society often teaches us to approach problems from a certain perspective, but such thinking makes it extremely difficult for new or different ideas to get through the cracks.
- connection n. 联系
- innovative adj.创新的
第十一段
Groundbreaking ideas don’t come from sitting down and thinking really hard until one pops up. According to Y Combinator’s Sam Altman (who works with hundreds of successful startups each year), this almost never works.
- groundbreaking adj. 开创性的
- startup n.新兴产业
第十二段
Instead, we have to shift our mindset from one of routine to novelty.In his book Originals, Adam Grant discusses a study that illustrates the importance of experience in shifting your mental framework to make it susceptible to genuinely creative ideas.
- mindset n.观念模式
- novelty n.新奇的事物
第十三段
The study, led by strategy professor Frederic Godart, looked at the domain of fashion designers and assessed their tendency to produce groundbreaking work after having traveled or lived abroad. Looking at figures such as Donatella Versace, Giorgio Armani and Karl Lagerfeld, two important insights emerged:
a) The most creative designers spent considerable time learning about another culture and internalizing their practices.
b) The designers’ level of creativity correlated directly with how different the other culture was from their home culture. The more unique the culture from their own, the more creative their subsequent designs.
- domain n. 范围 领域
- tendency n. 倾向
- considerable adj. 大量的
- internalize v. 使内化
第十四段
However, we surely can’t be expected to pick up and travel abroad on the promise of a potential increase in good creative ideas.
- Promise n.&v. 承诺
- potential adj. 潜在的
第十五段
But here’s the thing: studies have shown that even slight changes in daily routine can have a positive effect on creative thinking, facilitating a departure from one’s everyday mode of thought. So the question remains: how should we use our time most effectively to generate the best ideas? Studies point to a powerful answer.
- slight adj. 轻微的 细小的
- routine n. 套路 规则
- positive adj. 积极的
- facilitate v. 促进
- departure n.背离 离开
- generate v. 产生
3. Playtime
第十六段
We’ve all heard the Scandinavian mantra about how increased leisure time can actually improve one’s productive output at work. But it’s what you do in your leisure time that can improve output and simultaneously boost creativity.
- mantra n. 咒语 圣歌
- leisure time 休闲时光
- simultaneous adj. 同时发生的
- boost v. 促进
第十七段
A study done at Michigan State University on the effects of artistic pursuits on professional success produced fascinating results. The team looked at Nobel Prize winners in science between 1901 and 2005 and their scientific contemporaries. They found that hobbies can have a huge impact on our success.
- pursuit n.追赶
- professional adj. 专业的
- fascinate v.入迷
- contemporary adj. 当代的
第十八段
Take a look at the numbers:
- Playing a musical instrument made scientists TWICE as likely to win a Nobel Prize than other scientists;
- Drawing or painting made scientists SEVEN times more likely;
- Writing poetry, novels, plays or essays made scientists TWELVE times more likely;
- Acting or dancing made scientists TWENTY-TWO times more likely;
This strikes me as an incredible hack for creativity, especially for those in professions that don’t already involve the creation of artwork on a daily basis.
As Adam Grant notes, a representative study of thousands of inventors and entrepreneurs produced similar results.
It seems, then, that we can boost our capacity for stimulating great ideas by using our leisure time for artistic pursuits.
The relationship becomes symbiotic— our work informs our creative pursuits, and our creative pursuits facilitate our ideas.
What better excuse to take time away from the desk than to increase our cognitive creative abilities by artistic play? Time to get that keyboard out…
hacking ['hækɪŋ]
n. 黑客行为
crucial [ˈkruʃəl]
adj.至关重要的
creativity [ˌkrieˈtɪvətɪ]
n.创造性
sacrifice [ˈsækrəˌfaɪs]
v.&n. 牺牲
enhance [ɪnˈhæns]
v.提高
diminish [dɪˈmɪnɪʃ]
v. 降低 减弱
hook [hʊk]
v. 上勾 上瘾
disrupt [dɪsˈrʌpt]
v.打扰
underestimate [ˌʌndɚˈɛstəmet]
v.低估
perspective [pərˈspektɪv]
v.感觉 观点 洞察力
不要一时兴起，就要天天在一起
明天见！
下载音频
Hacking Creativity: How Play Is Crucial to Your Success
第一段
Today we’ve become obsessed with ‘life-hacks’ — shortcuts that allow you to perform an action or reach a goal with the least amount of effort possible.
第二段
Although some of these so-called hacks are useful, most end up sacrificing some crucial part of the act in question. As a result, the quality of our work diminishes. This is the opposite of what we want from a hack.
第三段
Creativity, however, can be hacked, and in a way that enhances our output in other areas of our lives — even those traditionally less creative pursuits like medicine or law.
Research shows that creativity fuels the thinking behind the most successful ideas.
第四段
Having studied creativity for a while now, 3 common trends stand out that give people the edge in life when starting a business — and they’re not what you might think.
1. The Outsider Effect
第五段
Like many of you I’ve been hooked on the NPR podcast How I Built This, about individuals who have started companies that have gone on to shape the industries they’re in — or created.
第六段
The other day while listening to an episode I realized something. Almost every single entrepreneur to have been on the podcast didn’t have a background in the industry they started their company in.
第七段
In fact, when I went back to double check this I found that most of them had zero experience in their respective industries. Individuals — like Seth Goldman of Honest Tea, or Blake Mycoskie of TOMS shoes — who have gone on to disrupt their industries didn’t just begin as amateurs — they began as novices.
第八段
Such is the power of the outsider. We tend to underestimate our ability to change something we know little about. It turns out your outsider status can actually help you by bringing to the table a unique perspective, whether the problem you’re trying to solve is old or new.
2. Unique Experience
第九段
One way to harness a different perspective is, of course, by having unique experience. The trick is to break free from the the basic frameworks of thought that shape the industry you’re in.
第十段
“If you’re going to make connections which are innovative,” Steve Jobs said in 1982, “you have to not have the same bag of experience as everyone else does.” Society often teaches us to approach problems from a certain perspective, but such thinking makes it extremely difficult for new or different ideas to get through the cracks.
第十一段
Groundbreaking ideas don’t come from sitting down and thinking really hard until one pops up. According to Y Combinator’s Sam Altman (who works with hundreds of successful startups each year), this almost never works.
第十二段
Instead, we have to shift our mindset from one of routine to novelty.In his book Originals, Adam Grant discusses a study that illustrates the importance of experience in shifting your mental framework to make it susceptible to genuinely creative ideas.
第十三段
The study, led by strategy professor Frederic Godart, looked at the domain of fashion designers and assessed their tendency to produce groundbreaking work after having traveled or lived abroad. Looking at figures such as Donatella Versace, Giorgio Armani and Karl Lagerfeld, two important insights emerged:
a) The most creative designers spent considerable time learning about another culture and internalizing their practices.
b) The designers’ level of creativity correlated directly with how different the other culture was from their home culture. The more unique the culture from their own, the more creative their subsequent designs.
第十四段
However, we surely can’t be expected to pick up and travel abroad on the promise of a potential increase in good creative ideas.
第十五段
But here’s the thing: studies have shown that even slight changes in daily routine can have a positive effect on creative thinking, facilitating a departure from one’s everyday mode of thought. So the question remains: how should we use our time most effectively to generate the best ideas? Studies point to a powerful answer.
3. Playtime
第十六段
We’ve all heard the Scandinavian mantra about how increased leisure time can actually improve one’s productive output at work. But it’s what you do in your leisure time that can improve output and simultaneously boost creativity.
第十七段
A study done at Michigan State University on the effects of artistic pursuits on professional success produced fascinating results. The team looked at Nobel Prize winners in science between 1901 and 2005 and their scientific contemporaries. They found that hobbies can have a huge impact on our success.
第十八段
Take a look at the numbers:
- Playing a musical instrument made scientists TWICE as likely to win a Nobel Prize than other scientists;
- Drawing or painting made scientists SEVEN times more likely;
- Writing poetry, novels, plays or essays made scientists TWELVE times more likely;
- Acting or dancing made scientists TWENTY-TWO times more likely;
This strikes me as an incredible hack for creativity, especially for those in professions that don’t already involve the creation of artwork on a daily basis.
As Adam Grant notes, a representative study of thousands of inventors and entrepreneurs produced similar results.
It seems, then, that we can boost our capacity for stimulating great ideas by using our leisure time for artistic pursuits.
The relationship becomes symbiotic— our work informs our creative pursuits, and our creative pursuits facilitate our ideas.
What better excuse to take time away from the desk than to increase our cognitive creative abilities by artistic play? Time to get that keyboard out…