- 注释版
- 纯净版
导语：
曾两次获得世界金冰镐奖的世界著名速攀和超轻攀选手，瑞士人Ueli Steck，于5.1在喜马拉雅山脉，珠峰以西的努子峰壁攀登中，不幸坠亡。他在世界前20高峰中屡次创造登顶速度记录，完全不使用绳子保护的徒手攀登和极端困难的混合路线是他的最爱。他曾经说过：我攀登在此时此地。没有目标，没有未来，没有过往。他始于热爱，也终于热爱。
Ueli Steck, speed-soloing alpinist, died on April 30th, aged 40
soloing
网络 独奏; 保护攀登;
alpinist [ˈælpɪnɪst]
n. 登山家，阿尔卑斯登山家;
[例句]The good news is that across the board the Alpinist was our favorite pack in terms of comfort and stability.
幸运的是他还是比较舒适和稳定波浪装的内支架可以方便的移除。
[1] THE most terrifying thing that happened to Ueli Steck was not the moment an avalanche caught him on Annapurna, the tenth-highest mountain in the world, and almost knocked him off. Nor was it the time when—perhaps because, on the same mountain, a rock hit his helmet—he found himself in an instant 300 metres below, concussed and bruised all over. Each event caused him to wonder whether he liked risky climbing too much. But as one of the best alpinists of his generation, and often the fastest, he did not wonder long.
avalanche [ˈævəlæntʃ]
n. 雪崩;
vi. 崩塌;
[例句]The newcomer was greeted with an avalanche of publicity.
新来者受到了广泛的关注。
Annapurna[ˌænəˈpʊrnə, -ˈpɚ-]
[词典] 安纳布尔那山（尼泊尔中北部喜马拉雅山脉的一个山岳，西部的安纳布尔那一号峰高达8， 083。7米(26， 504英尺），东部的安纳布尔那二号峰高度为7， 942。5米(26， 041英尺) );
[例句]Their strength held out and Lafaille reached the summit of Annapurna.
他们的力量坚持到了最后，拉法耶到达了安纳布尔纳的顶峰。
helmet [ˈhɛlmɪt]
n. 头盔; 钢盔; 盔形物，盔状物; [植] 盔状花冠;
vt. 给…戴上头盔;
[例句]He donned work clothes and a wicker helmet.
他穿上工作服，戴上柳条帽。
concussion [kənˈkʌʃən]
n. 震荡; 脑震荡; 冲击; 震动;
[例句]Nicky was rushed to hospital with concussion
尼基因脑震荡被火速送往医院。
bruised [bru:zd]
[词典] [医] 青肿的，瘀紫的;
[例句]I had only bruised my knee
我只是把膝盖给碰伤了。
长难句：
The most terrifying thing that happened to Ueli Steck was not the moment an avalanche caught him on Annapurna, the tenth-highest mountain in the world, and almost knocked him off.The most terrifying thing名词放在句首作句子的主语。
that happened to Ueli Steck that引导的定语从句作主语的后置定语。
was not：谓语动词是系动词was的否定形式。
the moment：跟在was not后作标语。
an avalanche caught him on Annapurna这是一个定语从句修饰the moment。
the tenth-highest mountain in the world：名词作同位语，修饰Annapurna
and almost knocked him off：and并列两个谓语动词，一个是caught一个是这里的knocked off。大意：发生在Ueli Steck身上的最可怕的事情不是世界第十高峰安纳布尔纳峰雪崩击中他并且差点把他击倒的时刻。
[2] No, the most frightening episode occurred in April 2013, when he found himself under attack by a crowd of rock-throwing sherpas at Base Camp II on Everest. That was the moment he thought he might die, a thought he had not had before. The sherpas were angry because, as they fixed the safety ropes above the camp, he and two others had ignored the rule to keep the mountain clear of climbers and had come up past them. He had no wish to be disrespectful. But since he made no use of safety ropes, why shouldn’t he go up?
frightening [ˈfraɪtnɪŋ]
adj. 吓人; 令人恐惧的; 引起突然惊恐的;
[例句]It was a very frightening experience and they were very courageous
那是一次让人胆战心惊的经历，而他们表现得非常勇敢。
episode [ˈepɪsoʊd]
n. 插曲; 一集; 片段; 一段经历;
[例句]This episode is bound to be a deep embarrassment for Washington
这一事件肯定会让华盛顿非常难堪。
Sherpas
n. 夏尔巴人（西藏的一个种族）( Sherpa的名词复数 );
[例句]This time the party took porters from Hunza instead of Sherpas from Nepal.
这次探险队没有从尼泊尔雇佣夏尔巴人做挑夫，而是雇佣了罕萨人。长难句：
The Sherpas were angry because, as they fixed the safety ropes above the camp, he and two others had ignored the rule to keep the mountain clear of climbers and had come up past them.
句子架构分析：
The Sherpas were是主句
Because引导的是原因状语从句
原因状语从句的主干是he and two others had ignored the rule to keep the mountain clear of climbers and had come up past them.
as they fixed the safety ropes above the camp这是as引导的时间状语从句，修饰的是原因状语从句的主干部分。
所以这里because引导的从句内部还是一个存在从句的复合句呢。大意是：夏尔巴人很生气是因为，他们在固定帐篷的安全绳索的时候，他和他的另外两个同伴忽略了规矩：山上禁止攀登，并且他们还从夏尔巴人上面爬过去了。
[3] He had a problem with people on mountains. Off the slopes he could be gregarious and funny; on them, he became so intensely focused that he could not bear distraction. He climbed light, with just four carabiners, an ice-pick, crampons on his boots, a coiled rope for rappelling on descents, and his own-brand titanium Swiss Army knife with a large file and bolthead wrench. To rely on any more gear was only half-doing the climb. He went up cleanly, leaving only his footprints. Supplementary oxygen he scorned as “false air” and “bottled doping”; he never used it.
gregarious [grɪˈgeriəs]
adj. 群居; 爱交际的，合群的;
[例句]She is such a gregarious and outgoing person.
她很外向，喜欢交朋结友。
slope[sloʊp]
n. 斜坡; 斜率; 倾斜; 斜面;
vi. 倾斜; 有斜度; 悄悄地走; 潜行;
vt. 使倾斜;
[例句]Saint-Christo is perched on a mountain slope.
圣克里斯托教堂坐落在一个山坡上。
carabiner [kærə'bɪnə]
n. （提花机的） 竖钩;
[例句]A very worrying phenomenon can occur between the carabiner and the rope: unclipping.
锁和绳之间可能发生一个非常严重的问题：拽脱。
crampons [k'ræmpɒnz]
n. 鞋底钉，铁钩，攀登用鞋底钉( crampon的名词复数 );
[例句]Using "evolved" techniques for crampons and tools.
使用冰爪和技术冰镐“发展后的”技术。
coil [kɔɪl]
n. 线圈; （一） 卷，（一）盘; 盘卷之物; 纷乱，纠缠不清;
vt. 盘绕; 卷成一圈;
vi. 绕成盘状; 卷绕成圈;
[例句]Tod shook his head angrily and slung the coil of rope over his shoulder
托德气愤地摇了摇头，然后把那卷绳子往肩上一搭。
rappel [ræ'pel]
n. 绕绳下降；坐式下降法;
v. 用绳索下降;
[例句]They learned to rappel down a cliff.
他们学会了绕绳从绝壁上滑下。
titanium [taɪˈteniəm, tɪ-]
n. <化>钛;
[例句]The company produces titanium alloy.
该公司生产钛合金。
bolt head [bolt hɛd]
[词典] [化] 螺栓头;
[例句]A wrench with a hook that fits over a nut or bolt head.
有一个钩子套在螺母或螺栓头的扳手。
wrench [rɛntʃ]
n. 扳手; 扭伤; 突然的悲痛;
vt. 扭伤; 扭转; 歪曲;
[例句]He felt two men wrench the suitcase from his hand
他感觉有两个人在使劲拽他手里的手提箱。
supplementary [ˌsʌplɪˈmentri]
adj. 增补的，追加的; supplementary;
n. 补充者; 增补物;
[例句]Provide them with additional background or with supplementary information.
给他们提供额外的背景资料或补充信息。
scorn[skɔ:rn]
n. 轻蔑; 鄙视; 不屑一顾; 笑柄;
vt. 蔑视; 轻视; 看不起; 不屑做;
vi. 嘲笑; 表示轻蔑; 表示鄙视;
[例句]Researchers greeted the proposal with scorn
研究员们对这个建议嗤之以鼻。长难句：
He climbed light, with just four carabiners, an ice-pick, crampons on his boots, a coiled rope for rappelling on descents, and his own-brand titanium Swiss
Army knife with a large file and bolthead wrench.
这个句子其实架构并不复杂，重点是出现的各种名词太恶心就给同学们阅读造成了困难，霞姐建议，现在我们遇到任何觉得很困难的词汇也好，句子也好，我们都迎难而上，能学透最好学透，因为我们已经不再是像中小学生学习为了应对某种考试，超纲我就不学，我们现在学习是为了生活工作，对于生活工作永远没有超纲之说呢。
首先句子的主干核心部分传递的信息是：He climbed light 注意这里light是轻的意思，也就是说他爬山的时候是轻装上阵的。那后面肯定要解释是怎样的轻装上阵了，这里肯定要讲一些我们平常很常见但是却不会说的工具之类的，咱们硬着头皮学习。
four carabiners：四个铁锁
an ice-pick：一个冰锥
crampons on his boots：鞋底钉
a coiled rope for rappelling on descents：一盘为了下降用的绳子
his own-brand titanium Swiss Army knife with a large file：他自己品牌的钛瑞士军刀，这里with a large file其中file是锉刀的意思。意思是这个瑞士军刀带了一个很大的锉刀。如图。
bolthead wrench：螺旋头扳手
从这些东西我们可以看出都属于爬山必备，其余的根本都没有携带，完全是轻装上阵。
[4] Naturally, he preferred to climb alone. Trodden tracks deterred him, and he would wait until fresh snow obscured a route in order to work out his own. After his marriage, he promised his wife he would not do solo climbs; but somehow the right partner did not appear, or gave up, and he had to go on by himself. On his first expedition, at 12 above his home in Emmental with an old mountaineer, he was given the lead from the start; consequently, he fretted to see anyone ahead of him.
trodden [ˈtrɑ:dn]
v. 踏出; 踩，踏( tread的过去分词 ); 踩成; 步行于;
[例句]The cattle had trodden a path to the pond.
牛群踏出了一条通往池塘的小径。
Emmental [ˈeməntɑ:l]
n. 瑞士（多孔）干酪;
[词典] [地名] [瑞士] 埃默河谷;
[例句]The most well known Swiss cheeses are Gruyere and Emmental, named after the regions in which they are made.
最有名的干乳酪是以其产地命名的格吕耶尔和艾门塔尔乳酪。长难句：
After his marriage, he promised his wife he would not do solo climbs; but somehow the right partner did not appear, or gave up, and he had to go on by himself.
这个句子是并列句，其实but和分号的使用有些多余了，直接用but前面用逗号就可以，因为but完全可以作为并列连词连接两个完整的句子。
SVO, but SVO.
After his marriage这是一个时间状语，就是在他结婚之后
he promised his wife he would not do solo climbs：promise sb sth，这里他承诺了自己妻子，he would not do solo climbs他不会独自攀岩。
But但是，表明现实和承诺不符合呗。
somehow the right partner did not appear, or gave up, and he had to go on by himself
合适的伙伴没有出现或者放弃了，那他就不得不自己继续了。这种场景我们在美剧里见的多了，很多从事 惊险事业的主儿，一旦遇到爱情就会信誓旦旦，我再也不干这事儿了，然后发现很多场合下还是不得不这么干，结果把自己搞死了，留下心爱的人默默伤悲。哎，生活高于艺术啊，生活中的痛苦那才是真的实实在在的痛苦啊！
[5] Nor did he want help. On his first ascent of Everest in 2012 he insisted that his guide, Tenji Sherpa, was a partner, not an assistant. He wanted to be called “Dai”, brother, not “Sir”. He made the breakfast tea and they ate together, cornflakes or barley tsampa, as the sun came up. This was both a courtesy and a statement of self-reliance. Pretty soon, as usual, he peeled off and made for the summit alone.
tsampa
糌粑
[6] The worst aspect of other climbers was that they held him back. Not for him “the brotherhood of the rope”. Speed was of the essence. In his own Alps he had shattered records: the north face of the Eiger, a 1,800-metre ice-wall, climbed in 3:54 hours, then 2:47; the north face of the Grandes Jorasses, 1,200 metres, never climbed by him before, in 2:21; the north face of the Matterhorn in 1:56. He would set two stopwatches and race off, running when he could, or hurling in his ice-pick and hauling himself up after. These feats earned him the nickname “the Swiss machine”, which he hated. He was not a robot, more a cat or a spider, moving easily and with absolute long-armed precision on the sheerest, iciest rocks.
Alps [ælps]
n. 阿尔卑斯山;
[例句]The group has adventured as far as the Austrian alps.
该队伍的探险之旅远至奥地利的阿尔卑斯山。
matterhorn [ˈmætɚˌhɔrn, ˈmɑtə-]
n. 马塔角，陡角山峰;
[例句]But you don't climb the Matterhorn for strawberries!
然而，你不是为了草莓才去攀登山峰的。
hurling [ˈhɜ:rlɪŋ]
n. 爱尔兰式曲棍球;
v. 猛投，用力掷( hurl的现在分词 ); 大声叫骂;
[例句]The bomber had breached security by hurling his dynamite from a roof overlooking the building.
这名爆炸手从一个俯瞰这座大楼的楼顶上投下炸药，破坏了安保系统。
[7] He argued that it was simply safer to climb fast, not to linger on high mountains where the cold or the weather might kill you. But he also came to enjoy speed-climbing for its own sake. His training regime bordered on craziness: 1,200 workouts a year, his routine run three laps up 2,000 vertical metres. Focus, focus, all the time. He had to make sure that every muscle was pulling; that way, he would know how long he could cling to an ice-nub, or work an overhang. On that first Everest climb he had seethed because, without extra oxygen, he was overtaken by alpinists who had it. His slowness was unbearable. He didn’t just need to be better than other people, but better than himself.
linger [ˈlɪŋɡɚ]
vi. 逗留，徘徊; 缓慢消失;
[例句]The scent of her perfume lingered on in the room
她的香水味道在房间里久久不散。
seethe [sið]
v. 生闷气; 翻滚; 强压怒火; 充满;
[例句]She took it calmly at first but under the surface was seething
她起初平静地接受了，但内心却气呼呼的。
[8] Speed proved harder in the Himalayas than in the Alps. His best time, though the avalanche wrecked his attempt to record it, was on Annapurna’s south face in 2013: 7,219 metres up and down alone in 28 hours (the next party took the usual eight days). He returned this April to plan another ascent of Everest with a traverse to Lhotse, the world’s fourth-highest peak, by a route not tried before. He fell to his death while climbing Nuptse first; he was going to go with Tenji Sherpa but, again, was alone. He felt “super-ready”; why wait?
Himalayas
n. 喜马拉雅山脉;
[例句]Few Europeans who had ventured beyond the Himalayas had returned to tell the tale.
少数几个冒险翻越了喜马拉雅山的欧洲人回来后讲述了这个故事。
Lhotse
[体] 洛子峰;
The endless challenge
[9] In his speed and daring, he was unusual among climbers. In his attitude to high mountains, he was not. There was no rhapsodising. At the top of Everest it was his success that was “beautiful”, not the view, which he found “familiar”. Mountains challenged him, so he took up the challenge, again and again, to prove himself.
rhapsodize 英[ˈræpsədaɪz]
美[ˈræpsəˌdaɪz]
vi. 狂热地说，写作狂想诗文;
[例句]The critics rhapsodized over her performance in 'Autumn Sonata'
评论家对于她在电影《秋日奏鸣曲》中的表演大加赞赏。
[10] So too did Min Bahadur Sherchan, a Nepalese who, on May 6th, died at the Everest base camp. He was 85, and planned to become the oldest person to reach the summit. He had set the record in 2008, at 76; a Japanese had broken it five years later. This was his fourth attempt to regain it. Mr Sherchan had several aims in mind, including promoting peace and inspiring the old. But he had no ambition to break anyone else’s record, he said; just his own. This was between the mountain, and him. It might have been Ueli Steck speaking.
Nepalese [ˌnepə'li:z]
adj. 尼泊尔的;
n. 尼泊尔人;
[例句]The Nepalese side expressed sincere appreciation for the kind gesture and understanding.
尼方对中方的善意和理解表示衷心感谢。
Ueli Steck, speed-soloing alpinist, died on April 30th, aged 40
原文:
导语：
曾两次获得世界金冰镐奖的世界著名速攀和超轻攀选手，瑞士人Ueli Steck，于5.1在喜马拉雅山脉，珠峰以西的努子峰壁攀登中，不幸坠亡。他在世界前20高峰中屡次创造登顶速度记录，完全不使用绳子保护的徒手攀登和极端困难的混合路线是他的最爱。他曾经说过：我攀登在此时此地。没有目标，没有未来，没有过往。他始于热爱，也终于热爱。
[1] THE most terrifying thing that happened to Ueli Steck was not the moment an avalanche caught him on Annapurna, the tenth-highest mountain in the world, and almost knocked him off. Nor was it the time when—perhaps because, on the same mountain, a rock hit his helmet—he found himself in an instant 300 metres below, concussed and bruised all over. Each event caused him to wonder whether he liked risky climbing too much. But as one of the best alpinists of his generation, and often the fastest, he did not wonder long.
[2] No, the most frightening episode occurred in April 2013, when he found himself under attack by a crowd of rock-throwing sherpas at Base Camp II on Everest. That was the moment he thought he might die, a thought he had not had before. The sherpas were angry because, as they fixed the safety ropes above the camp, he and two others had ignored the rule to keep the mountain clear of climbers and had come up past them. He had no wish to be disrespectful. But since he made no use of safety ropes, why shouldn’t he go up?
[3] He had a problem with people on mountains. Off the slopes he could be gregarious and funny; on them, he became so intensely focused that he could not bear distraction. He climbed light, with just four carabiners, an ice-pick, crampons on his boots, a coiled rope for rappelling on descents, and his own-brand titanium Swiss Army knife with a large file and bolthead wrench. To rely on any more gear was only half-doing the climb. He went up cleanly, leaving only his footprints. Supplementary oxygen he scorned as “false air” and “bottled doping”; he never used it.
[4] Naturally, he preferred to climb alone. Trodden tracks deterred him, and he would wait until fresh snow obscured a route in order to work out his own. After his marriage, he promised his wife he would not do solo climbs; but somehow the right partner did not appear, or gave up, and he had to go on by himself. On his first expedition, at 12 above his home in Emmental with an old mountaineer, he was given the lead from the start; consequently, he fretted to see anyone ahead of him.
[5] Nor did he want help. On his first ascent of Everest in 2012 he insisted that his guide, Tenji Sherpa, was a partner, not an assistant. He wanted to be called “Dai”, brother, not “Sir”. He made the breakfast tea and they ate together, cornflakes or barley tsampa, as the sun came up. This was both a courtesy and a statement of self-reliance. Pretty soon, as usual, he peeled off and made for the summit alone.
[6] The worst aspect of other climbers was that they held him back. Not for him “the brotherhood of the rope”. Speed was of the essence. In his own Alps he had shattered records: the north face of the Eiger, a 1,800-metre ice-wall, climbed in 3:54 hours, then 2:47; the north face of the Grandes Jorasses, 1,200 metres, never climbed by him before, in 2:21; the north face of the Matterhorn in 1:56. He would set two stopwatches and race off, running when he could, or hurling in his ice-pick and hauling himself up after. These feats earned him the nickname “the Swiss machine”, which he hated. He was not a robot, more a cat or a spider, moving easily and with absolute long-armed precision on the sheerest, iciest rocks.
[7] He argued that it was simply safer to climb fast, not to linger on high mountains where the cold or the weather might kill you. But he also came to enjoy speed-climbing for its own sake. His training regime bordered on craziness: 1,200 workouts a year, his routine run three laps up 2,000 vertical metres. Focus, focus, all the time. He had to make sure that every muscle was pulling; that way, he would know how long he could cling to an ice-nub, or work an overhang. On that first Everest climb he had seethed because, without extra oxygen, he was overtaken by alpinists who had it. His slowness was unbearable. He didn’t just need to be better than other people, but better than himself.
[8] Speed proved harder in the Himalayas than in the Alps. His best time, though the avalanche wrecked his attempt to record it, was on Annapurna’s south face in 2013: 7,219 metres up and down alone in 28 hours (the next party took the usual eight days). He returned this April to plan another ascent of Everest with a traverse to Lhotse, the world’s fourth-highest peak, by a route not tried before. He fell to his death while climbing Nuptse first; he was going to go with Tenji Sherpa but, again, was alone. He felt “super-ready”; why wait?
The endless challenge
[9] In his speed and daring, he was unusual among climbers. In his attitude to high mountains, he was not. There was no rhapsodising. At the top of Everest it was his success that was “beautiful”, not the view, which he found “familiar”. Mountains challenged him, so he took up the challenge, again and again, to prove himself.
[10] So too did Min Bahadur Sherchan, a Nepalese who, on May 6th, died at the Everest base camp. He was 85, and planned to become the oldest person to reach the summit. He had set the record in 2008, at 76; a Japanese had broken it five years later. This was his fourth attempt to regain it. Mr Sherchan had several aims in mind, including promoting peace and inspiring the old. But he had no ambition to break anyone else’s record, he said; just his own. This was between the mountain, and him. It might have been Ueli Steck speaking.