The growth in unusual business qualifications

注释版
纯净版

原文: http://www.bbc.com/news/business-39191135

[1] Steve Gibson says he has made it clear that people should never approach him for any betting advice.

Points：
make it clear 明确
Eg： I must make it clear I never laid a finger on her.
我得说清楚，我可没有动过她一根毫毛。
2. approach sb 接近某人或 in order to make a request or suggestion for the first time（初次）接洽，交涉，打交道
Eg： Did he approach you about lending him some money?
他有没有找你谈关于借钱给他的事。

[2] "I'm a terrible punter!" he insists.

Points：
1. punter ['pʌntər] （赛马，足球赛时）下赌注者

[3] The 36-year-old does, however, often get asked for tips because of the university course he is enrolled on - an MBA (Master of Business Administration) in thoroughbred horseracing industries.

Points：
1. enrolled on 就读，注册
2. thoroughbred [ˈθɜroʊbred] 纯种动物（尤指马）; 受过严格训练的人，有教养的人
Eg：Thoroughbred horses are highly - strung animals and do not like loud noises or sudden movements.
良种赛马是十分敏感的动物,它们不喜欢吵闹声或突然的运动.

[4] Launched in 2015, the two-year course at Liverpool University has been specially designed for people who want to take up a senior administrative or leadership role in the sport.

Points：
1.launch in 推出，发射
Eg：A new Fox business channel is set for launch in October.
福克斯商业频道也将在十月推出.
2.take up 从事，担当
Eg：（1.） He did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport.
他并不特别想从事竞技体育运动。
（2.） She has the intellectual form to take up the mantle of leadership.
她具备担当领导职责的聪明才智。

[5] A sister MBA at the college is called football industries.

Points：
1.sister adj. 姐妹般的; 同类型的

[6] While the two courses sound like a most enjoyable way to spend your time at university, they are in fact part of a growing trend - the rise of specialised MBAs.

[7] MBAs have long been considered a must-have for ambitious young people seeking a fast-tracked and successful career in business.

Points：
1. must-have 必需品
2. fast-tracked 快速道，快车道
Eg：（1.） I was on the fast track to success in my company.
在公司里,我平步青云.
（2.）This cannot be a fast-tracked process.
这个过程不可能一蹴而就。

[8] The celebrated post-graduate qualification is supposed to teach you all you need to be a future company leader, and places on MBA courses at the world's most prestigious universities are highly sought after, and therefore very difficult to get accepted on.

Points：
1.celebrated [ˈsɛləˌbretɪd] 有名的，著名的
Eg： He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.
不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
2.post-graduate qualification 研究生资格
3.prestigious [prɛˈstidʒəs] 受尊敬的，有声望的
Eg：（1.）Her first novel won a prestigious literary prize.
她的第一部小说就获得了一个颇具声望的文学奖.
（2.） The young man graduated from a prestigious university.
这个年轻人毕业于一所名牌大学.
4. sought after 很吃香的，广受欢迎的
Eg：（1.）His work is much sought after by collectors.
他的作品在收藏家们那里很抢手。
（2.） This design is the most sought after.
这一款最为紧俏。

[9] Yet while it used to be the case that having a standard MBA was all you needed, such has been the rise in the number of colleges offering them, and people gaining the qualification, that specialised MBAs are now being increasingly offered with the aim of giving people an advantage in the industry they wish to join.

Points：
1.used to be the case (that) 过去是这种情况
Eg：（1.）It used to be the case that when Wall Street sneezes, Asia catches a cold: but now it appears the reverse is true.
过去的情形常常是，华尔街一打喷嚏，亚洲就会感冒，但现在情况似乎反过来了。
（2.）Many more people travel overseas for their holidays now than used to be the case.
现在比以前有更多的人去海外度假。
2.such （做代词）这样的事物（事实，行为）
Eg：（谓语动词的单复数）取决于后面主语的单复数：
）Such is my answer．
这就是我的答案。
（2.）Such are our people．
这就是我们的人民。

[10] "Specialisation gives universities and students a way to stand out," says Anke Arnaud, associate professor of management at Embry-Riddle Aeronautics University in Florida.

Points：
1. aeronautics [ˌerəˈnɔtɪks] 航空学，飞行术

[11] "If everyone is offering an MBA programme, you have to find a way to differentiate, to innovate.

Points：
1. differentiate [ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃiˌet] 区分，区别
Eg： It's difficult to differentiate between the two varieties.
这两个品种很难辨别。

[12] "It starts with attracting lecturers who have a depth of knowledge, and courses that are hip, in the now, and sexy. "There's a need to offer something different to cater to specific careers."

Points：
1. lecturer [ˈlɛktʃəɚ] 讲课者，授课者
2. hip （衣服、音乐等方面）时髦的，赶时髦的
3. in the now 在当下，现如今
Eg：Seize the moment and live life in the now，before it slips away from you.
把握此刻,在时间溜走以前,请活在当下.
4. cater to 迎合; 面向
Eg：（1.）We cater to an exclusive clientele.
我们只接待特定的高端客户。
（2.） Our literature and art ought to cater to popular taste.
我们的文艺应该为人民群众所喜闻乐见.

[13] At Liverpool University the horseracing MBA includes the study of marketing, sponsorship, the media, sports law, regulation, and horse welfare, explains the head of the course, Neil Coster.

Reading guide:
一定都很好奇马术MBA都学些什么？这一段列出了课程：marketing市场营销，sponsorship赞助，media媒体，sports law运动法律，regulation法规和horse welfare 马匹福利的研究

[14] Students also go on a number of field trips, including seeing behind the scenes at a race day at Haydock Park, near Liverpool, and a visit to the UK's National Stud in Newmarket, in the east of England, the country's centre of racehorse breeding .

Points：
field trips 实地考察
Eg：Lectures will be supplemented by guest presentations, case studies and field trips.
课程还将透过客座演讲，案例研究和实地考察来充实.
behind the scenes 在幕后，在后台
stud [stʌd] 种马

Reading guide:
课程还包括了许都的实地考察，包括比赛当天的后台参观——Haydock Park，还有英国东部Newmarket英国国家种马场。

[15] The idea for the course came from industry bodies the British Horseracing Authority and the Horseracing Betting Levy Board.

Points：
industry bodies 行业机构
Eg：A has been rated " Top Ten Chinese venture capital industry bodies. "
曾被评为 “ 中国十大产业风险投资机构 ”.

Reading guide:
这个课程的想法，来自行业机构英国赛马管理局和赛马投注征税委员会。

[16] Mr Coster says: "They saw a need for a master's level education programme that would assist people already working in the industry to prepare and upskill for senior management positions, and help career changers to facilitate a move into the industry."

Points：
assist [əˈsɪst] 帮助，援助，出席，参加
Eg：We are here to protect and assist the weak and infirm.
我们来这里保护，帮助年迈体弱者。
upskill [əˈsɪst] 通过培训等方式学习其它的工作技能
Eg：to upskill the workforce
提高劳动者的技术水平
facilitate [fəˈsɪlɪˌtet] 促进，助长; 使容易; 帮助
Eg：(1) It would not facilitate matters if you were uncooperative.
如果你不合作,事情就不好办了.
(2) Both sides undertake to facilitate further cultural exchanges.
双方承诺为进一步开展文化交流创造便利条件.

Sentence：
"They saw a need for a master's level education programme that would assist people already working in the industry to prepare and upskill for senior management positions, and help career changers to facilitate a move into the industry."
这一句话 “that would assist people “修饰 education programme，意思是：他们发现了硕士级别教育培养计划的需求可以帮助人们...
“already working in the industry to prepare” 是定语从句修饰people，意思是帮助那些已经在行业工作的人们做好充分的准备。
and upskill for senior management positions这一句谓语动词upskill和assist并列，并且培养他们的高层管理职位的技能。
同理help和upskill，assist并列，意为帮助那些想要跳槽的人（成功）转行。

[17] Those enrolled on the football MBA at Liverpool get to visit the headquarters of European football governing body Uefa, which is based in the Swiss town of Nyon.

Points：
headquarters [ˈhedkwɔrtərz]（机构，企业等的）总部
Eg：We fixed for the team to visit our headquarters.
我们安排了该工作组参观我们的总部。

[18] And if that wasn't prestigious enough, last year they also visited nearby Tranmere Rovers.

Points：
Tranmere Rovers：特兰米尔流浪足球俱乐部（1884年成立）是位于英格兰西北部的职业足球俱乐部，现时在英格兰甲级联赛作赛，主场球场普伦顿公园球场（Prenton Park）可以容纳16,587名观众。

[19] Liverpool's football MBA is in fact one of the oldest specialised versions of the qualification, and is now in its 20th year.

Reading guide:
细分行业MBA的“鼻祖”是利物浦足球MBA，距离现在已经第20个年头了。

[20] "There was clearly a need for graduates with an excellent knowledge of management disciplines and their applications to football," says Babatunde Buraimo, a senior lecturer on the course.

Points：
discipline [ˈdɪsəplɪn] 训练; 纪律; 学科; 符合行为准则的行为
application [ˌæplɪˈkeʃən] 适用，应用，申请，请求
a senior lecturer on the course 课程的高级讲师

[21] The football MBA takes one year to complete full time, and costs £15,000 for UK nationals, or £21,500 for overseas students. The horseracing qualification costs from £7,500 per annum for two years.

Points：
annum ['ænəm] 年，岁

Reading guide:
足球MBA的具体课程花费：课程需要1年时间完成，英国本国学生15000英镑，海外学生21500英镑；赛马资格证书的花费7500英镑1年，课程总共2年完成。

[22] Marie-Pierre Serret says she knows all about the value of a specialised MBA because without one she had struggled to secure a fulfilling job in the aviation industry.

Points：
secure 保护，（使）获得，使安全;，担保
Eg：.Crucially, though, it failed to secure the backing of the banks.
然而重要的是，它没能获得银行的支持。
2. fulfilling 使人满足的，令人愉快的
Work on the positive, creating beautiful, loving and fulfilling relationships.
致力于好的方面，努力营造美好的、友爱的、令人满意的关系。

Reading guide:
在这一段的Eg中，Marie-Pierre Serret说出了“specialised MBA”的重要性：如果没有这样的课程，她应该不太可能在航空领域获得这样一个令人满意的工作。到文章的25段都有详细论述。

[23] Despite having a master’s degree in international business and marketing, the 43-year-old Frenchwoman says she spent a number of years being bumped from job to job, including working as a flight attendant and a check-in clerk.

Points：
bump [bʌmp] 碰撞，冲撞; 颠簸
Eg：The circulation of the magzine has been bumping along for some time at around 30.000.
这一段时间以来，杂志的小路一直在三万份上下摇摆。

文章当中的”bumped from job to job”就是在不同的工作中碰壁，一路跌跌撞撞。

[24] So a few years ago she sold her house and enrolled on an MBA in aviation management at Florida's Embry-Riddle Aeronautics University. It wasn't cheap, costing £33,000 for the course, which takes between one-and-a-half and two years.

[25] "This specialised MBA is the missing link," says Ms Serret, who now works as a research assistant for an Embry-Riddle aviation business professor. Projects she has been involved in include working out the marketability of an aeroplane prototype, and advising the Puerto Rican government.

Points：
1.missing link （相关联的整个事物中）缺少的一环
2. prototype [ˈproʊtətaɪp] 原型，雏形，蓝本
3. Puerto Rican 波多黎各人，波多黎各的

Reading guide:
上一段中提到了Marie-Pierre Serret卖了房子在 Embry-Riddle Aeronautics University注册了航空管理的工商管理硕士学位，学费也很高。
这一段介绍她所学习的课程内容：定制飞机模型的可销售性，还有向波多黎各政府提供咨询意见。她个人觉得这门课很有必要， "This specialised MBA is the missing link " 也就是说这门课程是该行业所缺失的环节，也就是说它是必不可少的。

[26] Some 1,200 miles (2,000km) north of Florida, Schulich Business School in Toronto, Canada, offers a 16-month MBA in global mining.

Reading guide:
加拿大多伦多的舒利希商学院，在全球采矿业提供了为期16个月的工商管理硕士学位

[27] Marcia Annisette, associate professor of accounting at Schulich, says: "A cookie cutter MBA is so popular now that there's a push to have a strong subset of skills."

Points：
cookie cutter饼干成型切割刀，饼干压模
注：cookie cutter引申含义：adj.雷同的，千篇一律的
Eg：The cookie cutter approach of the urban renewal programme.
城市改建计划千篇一律的模式
subset [ˈsʌbˌsɛt] 子集；分组，小组

[28] Despite the rising popularity of specialist MBAs, they do have their critics, who argue that as so much time is dedicated to focusing on the specific industry, not enough hours are dedicated to teaching business fundamentals.

Points：
dedicated to doing 致力于做...
Eg：The doctor dedicated herself to finding a cure.
这位医生为寻求一种治疗方法奉献了她的一生。
fundamental [ˌfʌndəˈmɛntl] 原理，原则，基本，根本，基础

[29] "With only so much classroom time, taking a focused MBA would lead one to miss valuable lessons," says John Paul Engel, lecturer of entrepreneurship at the University of Iowa.

Points：
lead sb to do sth 导致/使得/带领/某人做某事
Eg: （1）What led him to run away so quickly?
发生什么事了，让他这么快就跑走了？
What led you to think so.
是什么会让你怎样想？

entrepreneurship [,ɑntrəprə'nɝʃɪp] 企业家能力; 企业家的身份[地位、职权、能力];

Reading guide:
虽然 specialist MBA现在很火热，但是作者还是道出了它的缺点（28~29段）：专注于专业领域，而没有话更多的时间去学习商业基础的相关课程，同时因为课堂上课的时间很少，specialist MBA会让学生错失商业基础这一类宝贵课程的机会。

[30] Meanwhile, Michal Strahilevitz, marketing professor at Duke University in North Carolina, cautions that she has seen scores of individuals who have pursued specialisation only to then discover that the specific profession wasn't quite for them.

Points：
scores of 大量的，许多的
Eg: He had mentored scores of younger doctors.
他指导过许多更年轻的医生。
individuals [ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl] 与众不同的人; 常指有趣或有点特别的人
only to 不料竟会，没想到会，结果是，却发现是
Eg：He raced through the living room, only to find the front door closed.
他飞快地跑过起居室，却发现前门锁上了。

Reading guide:
这一段是说，在尝试了这个课程以后，很多追求细分行业MBA的“魅力人格体”到最后才发现原来特定的职业并不适合他们。

[31] Others warn that holders of specialised MBAs may struggle to secure the really senior jobs because the qualifications don't yet have the kudos of a general MBA.

Points：
struggle to do 挣扎着做某事，努力做某事
Eg：We should struggle to overcome our shortcomings.
我们应该努力克服自己的缺点。
2. kudos [ˈkudɑs] 荣誉，光荣，赞誉
Eg ：She did most of the work but all the kudos went to him.
工作大部分是她做的，可是荣誉都归他了。

[32] Marlena Corcoran, chief executive of Athena Mentor, an international university admission counselling company, says: "A person with a specialised MBA is likely to wind up working for a person with a [general] MBA."

Points：
1.admission 承认; 准许进入; 坦白; 入场费
2.counselling [ˈkaʊnsəlɪŋ]（行家的）意见
Eg:She will need medical help and counselling to overcome the tragedy
她需要借助医学治疗和心理咨询来克服惨剧带来的影响
wind up doing: 以......收场，结尾; 结果/最终/到头来是
Eg: Typically Hollywood movies are shot “out of sequence,” so an actor might wind up doing the emotional climax on the first day of filming.
通常好莱坞拍摄的电影是“不按顺序”，所以演员可能在拍摄的第一天就要以饱满的情绪来收尾。

Reading guide:
就目前的现象而言，从Specialised MBA毕业的学生很有可能会给普通MBA的学生打工。

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原文: http://www.bbc.com/news/business-39191135

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文章导读
很多人认为，MBA（工商管理硕士）是一个投资自己工具，收益便是高新工作，升值的筹码，对于有工作经验的人来说是一个事业的加速器。

MBA讲授的不光是理论知识，更多的是实战的经验，其实海外的（尤其美国）MBA就是伴随着海外（美国）大型跨国企业的发展兴起的，可以打听一下，每个读MBA的学生都会有这样的经历，写不完的作业，开不完的团队会议，回复不完的邮件，堂堂课缺不了的presentation，就在这些焦灼的忙碌中，你掌握了更多有效人脉资源，学会了商业文书，掌握了带领团队的平衡点，知道了如何给团队增加价值。

MBA热，我们有目共睹，但它真的适合你么？其实你还有更多的选择哟！

文章区别于传统MBA课程类型，出现了很多细分行业的MBA课程比如（13~16段）的马术MBA，重点学习什么内容呢？（大家不妨找找看，直播课堂上一起来讨论哟）

还有（17~21段）足球MBA课程，（23~27段）航空类MBA等等，诸如此类的细分行业MBA（比如艺术管理和媒体MBA）在海外越来越火，国内也是初露头角（比如珠宝MBA），其实文章大多是讲这种unusual business qualifications 的各自的特点，以及他们和传统MBA的区别。

我们在读完这篇文章以后希望大家可以试着去总结细分行业的MBA和传统MBA在课程设置上的区别，学员类型的区别（分别适合什么类型的人）还有课程的收益都分别是哪些？各自都有什么缺点，通过文章掌握了这些，你就会明白自己适不适合去读MBA了！

Let’s get started!

[1] Steve Gibson says he has made it clear that people should never approach him for any betting advice.